ABSTRACT

A turbocharger is a turbine driven forced induction device used to allow more power to be produced by an engine of a known size. A turbocharged engine can be extra powerful and efficient than a naturally aspirated engine because the turbine forces extra air, and proportionately extra fuel, into the combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure alone. Turbocharging increases the power output from reciprocating engines by utilizing the waste energy in the exhaust gases. The exhaust gases drive a turbine, connected via a shaft to a compressor, which pressurizes the air at the engine inlet thus allowing more fuel to be burned for the same air/fuel ratio. The exhaust from the cylinders passes through the turbine blades, cause of the turbine to spin. The more exhaust that goes during the blades, the faster they spin. On the other end of the shaft that the turbine is connected to the compressor pumps air into the cylinders. The compressor was a centrifugal pump type– it draws air in at the center of its blades and flings it outward as it spins. Turbochargers allow an engine to burn more fuel and air by packing more into the existing cylinders. The typical improvement is provided by a turbocharger is 6 to 8 pounds per square inch (psi). Since normal atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi at sea level the engine is getting about 50 percent more air. Therefore, 50 percent of more power is expected in the engine. It’s not perfectly efficient, so 30- to 40-percent improvement instead is expected. In this project, a turbo charger used in a car is designed and modeled in 3D modeling software Pro/Engineer. Coupled Field analysis (Structural + Thermal) is done on the turbo charger by changing the materials of the turbine blade while car is running at higher speeds. Analysis is done in Ansys. The present used material for blade is Steel. In this we are replacing with Titanium alloy and Nickel alloy. Coupled field analysis is done on two blades. CFD analysis is done on the turbocharger turbine blades, 10 and 11 by applying inlet velocity of 90m/s and on the compressor by applying 80m/s.